Sunday, July 24, 2022

Sermon: A Different Economy

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Text: Luke 11:1-13
Lectionary: Year C, Proper 12

Five years ago Elise and I took a vacation in Italy, spending about a month there. The first third of the trip was a group tour around the country on a bus. It was at the very end of that trip, the very last evening, as the group’s luggage was being unloaded from the bus, that I discovered that my luggage went missing and probably was stolen.

It was a rather unexpected, nasty surprise. But it could have been worse. I had fortunately carried all important documents and credit cards and such on my person. If the thief was looking for valuables in the luggage, they would have been sorely disappointed, save for a bit of US currency that I had in there since I didn’t need any while in Italy. Probably the most valuable thing was the luggage itself.

I was amazingly Zen about the whole affair. Retrospection wouldn’t change things, and the immediate future was somewhat dictated by having to file police reports and get a couple of changes of clothing. Taking the perspective that this led to some new experiences that I wouldn’t have otherwise had, to invoke curiosity about them, might have been factors that helped get through it without getting too stressed or annoyed.

It was decidedly inconvenient, but the sudden cutting loose from stuff that I had been carrying, albeit not my choice, was surprisingly freeing. Looking back on it now, it seems that I was suddenly forced to be more in-the-moment, to have to work through the new circumstances of the here-and-now.

Mindfulness: Being Present

Mindfulness has become quite the trend and buzz in wellness circles over the past couple of decades. It is most frequently associated with the practice of meditation, but the two are not the same. Meditation, particularly the types focusing on breathing and being aware of one’s own body, is a practice that is used to lead toward mindfulness. But mindfulness is the result of meditation or any other practice that leads to a state where one’s focus is on the present, rather than on retrospection (past oriented) or prospection (future planning).

Social scientists and psychologists have found that people who are happy tend to be focused on the present; i.e., they are mindful. They certainly do look back in history for lessons and make plans for the future, but they have learned to live in the present.[1]

On the other hand, those who ruminate in retrospection or are overly fixated on prospection tend to be less happy. Retrospection might be the result of regrets about the past or the preference for nostalgia, where the mind diminishes or erases the bad parts memories. Prospection might be the preference of an idealized future in which everything goes according to plan. In both cases, there seems to be significant felt dissatisfaction with the present.

Lord's Prayer and Mindfulness

I think the Lord’s Prayer, at least in part, is telling us to be present and to be mindful.

The version found in Luke is quite terse and direct, when compared to the version we most often recite from Matthew. Here it is again to refresh our memories.

2b “Father, may your name be revered as holy.
May your kingdom come.
3 Give us each day our daily bread.
4 And forgive us our sins,
for we ourselves forgive everyone indebted to us.
And do not bring us to the time of trial.” (Luke 11:2b-4 NRSVue)

The prayer begins and ends with what could be seen as future oriented: a desire to see the fulfillment of God’s kingdom on earth and a petition to be spared the time of trial.

But the central portion of the prayer is about the present, one day at a time. This is most clearly seen in the petition for provision of today’s needs, “Give us each day our daily bread.”

Debt Erasure and Not Keeping Records

But notice that the clause about forgiving is stated in the present tense: “And forgive us our sins, for we ourselves forgive everyone indebted to us.” Notice too, how Luke uses sins and debts interchangeably.

I think that there is an important principle here that we often overlook or ignore. Followers of Jesus don’t keep a ledger of debts, either formally or informally.

Keeping a record of debts means always having reminders about something owed to you from the past, and always looking toward a future time when the debt will be repaid in some manner. Relationships become transactional. Our interactions become accounting and mathematical problems. Will what I say or do be a credit or a debit on this relational ledger? Will we be owing someone, or will this be a repayment on some debt owed? Are they doing me a favor because of some past debt, or will they now expect repayment from me in the future? Even if we don’t explicitly think in these terms, I think that there is a part of us that wants to keep this kind of ledger.

Our social and economic structures, the ones we are immersed in from birth, perpetuate and reinforce this kind of thought process. These systems are the very air we breathe. We don’t even think about it. The exchange of goods for other goods and services, meritocracy, lending and borrowing, contracts, expectations of full repayment – these are all not just economic concepts, but they color how we approach community and relationships. Even participation in church can become transactional: am I getting out of church what I am putting into it?

Through the Lord’s Prayer, Jesus teaches us a different economy. One that can free us from being trapped by the past and from limits debt often places onto future possibilities. An economy that is achieved by eliminating ledgers altogether; by forgiving everyone of all debts, where this is done by all for one another.

Could such an economy actually work? Wouldn’t there be some who just take and take without ever giving back, taking advantage of those who give? Perhaps we can’t imagine anything like this working because we are unable to imagine beyond our culture and societal norms. Perhaps we are so steeped in the economy of scarcity and power that we can’t imagine people not taking advantage of one another to acquire more and amass power over others.

Parable of the Friends at Midnight

Immediately after the Lord’s Prayer, Luke records a parable told by Jesus. It does not come through in most English translations, but the first large portion of the parable should be read as a question posed by Jesus.

5 And he said to them, “Suppose one of you has [Can you imagine] a friend, and you go to him at midnight and say to him, ‘Friend, lend me three loaves of bread, 6 for a friend of mine has arrived, and I have nothing to set before him.’ 7 And he answers from within, ‘Do not bother me; the door has already been locked, and my children are with me in bed; I cannot get up and give you anything.’ 8

This entire section should be preface as, “Can you imagine a friend doing this with your request?” The expected response from Jesus’ hearers would have been an emphatic, “No, we cannot.”[2]

I tell you, even though he will not get up and give him anything out of friendship, at least because of his persistence [shamelessness] he will get up and give him whatever he needs. (Luke 11:5-8 NRSVue)

Translation and Interpretation Alternatives

Here we get into one of the very confusing translation and interpretive problems in the New Testament. The word, here, translated as persistence leads to the interpretation that it is because of the persistence of the friend in need that the friend with the means finally acquiesces to the demands. And the frequent application is that we should be just as persistent in prayer to God. But that opens up a whole new can of worms in regard to answers to prayer, which we do not have the time to get into right now.

A better translation is shamelessness. But once more, this is applied to the one asking for bread, leading to the interpretation that one should or must be bold in asking God in prayer.

But other interpreters apply the shamelessness to the friend behind the locked door, the one with means. In this interpretation, the friend finally gives in because to refuse the request would be to bring shame and dishonor not only to himself, but to the entire community, for refusing to be hospitable to the guest who has arrived from outside the community.

A problem with this interpretation is the question about God and shame and honor. Those who object to this interpretation object on the grounds that God isn’t subject to shame and honor, and therefore, this interpretation is unsound. But when we see this and the latter part of today’s reading (which we will not specifically discuss here) as parables of “how much more is God willing” then the interpretation fits. If humans can be motivated by a sense of shame avoidance to do the right thing, how much more is God, who is completely righteous and good, willing to respond to requests from God’s people?

But there is yet another way to look at the parable. In most interpretations we assume that we are the friend asking for bread. But what if we turn it around such that we are the one behind the locked door, with the bread, being asked to get out of bed and get bread for the person outside? We are being asked because we happen to have the resources to fulfill the community’s need at this moment. How will we respond?[3]

Distribution of God's Gifts

It might seem to you like I’m wandering over a lot of territory today that doesn’t seem to connect. I hope that in these last few minutes I can bring it mostly together. First let’s review the final verse from today’s reading.

13 If you, then, who are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!” (Luke 11:13 NRSVue)

The specific mention of the gift of the Holy Spirit to those who ask reminds me of the gifts of the Spirit that are found in several of the Epistles. Here is one such list and description from 1 Corinthians:

4 Now there are varieties of gifts but the same Spirit, 5 and there are varieties of services but the same Lord, 6 and there are varieties of activities, but it is the same God who activates all of them in everyone. 7 To each is given the manifestation of the Spirit for the common good. 8 To one is given through the Spirit the utterance of wisdom and to another the utterance of knowledge according to the same Spirit, 9 to another faith by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healing by the one Spirit, 10 to another the working of powerful deeds, to another prophecy, to another the discernment of spirits, to another various kinds of tongues, to another the interpretation of tongues. 11 All these are activated by one and the same Spirit, who allots to each one individually just as the Spirit chooses. (1 Corinthians 12:4-11 NRSVue)

What I notice is that the gifts are distributed among the community for the common good. No one person has all the gifts, and the Spirit determines how the gifts are allocated.

Can We Imagine Better?

What if the answering of prayers to God is most frequently, by God, intended to be answered through God’s community on earth? What if the community of believers, globally, has been given all the resources and gifts necessary to respond to nearly every request that has and will be petitioned through prayer? What if all believers fully believed and trusted in the abundance of God’s provisions? What if we fully trusted that God provides sufficient resources to offer one another with our daily bread? What if we trusted that on some days we would be the ones blessed with abundance, but on other days we would be the ones asking another, but together we could meet one another needs for the day? What if we didn’t keep tallies of who was giving more and who was asking more, but rather, understood that all resources come from God to be used for the common good?

Honestly, I don’t know if this vision is realistic. In all reality, I seriously doubt it could work at all. But maybe just being able to imagine something different is a start.

I think there are briefs moments when each of us has experienced such grace from the community around us. Many of us have probably had opportunities to extend such grace. But then we quickly get back to the ways in which the world actually works.

Letting go of the baggage of living in this world, according to the ways of this world, is a difficult thing. Jesus says to us,

28 “Come to me, all you who are weary and are carrying heavy burdens, and I will give you rest. 29 Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. 30 For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light.” (Matthew 11:28-30 NRSVue)

Jesus won’t take away our baggage without our consent. But he pleads with us to allow him to take them, because he knows it will be so freeing for us.

This sermon does not have answers, only questions. But what I do hope is that it will ignite some small part of our spiritual imaginations to ponder the kind of community that Jesus began to build, and what it will take to continue that work, to create a community that operates from a sense of abundance and cooperation, rather than scarcity and competition.[4] 


[1] How to Know That You Know Nothing - The Atlantic (https://www.theatlantic.com/podcasts/archive/2021/10/mindfulness-curiosity-arthurbrooks-ellenlanger-howto-2021/620283/). Also the entire “How to Build a Happy Life” podcast series, from which this episode is taken, explorers what happiness is and how to build a life that can experience more of it.

[2] Bailey, Kenneth E. Poet & Peasant, Chapter 6, “Exegesis of Luke 11:5-13”.

[3] Feasting on the Gospels – Luke, Volume 1. Commentary on Luke 11:1-13, Pastoral Perspective.

[4] Although I do not specifically reference the New Testament reading for this week, Colossians 2:6-15, in this sermon, I think there are thematic touchpoints. 1) An ongoing, daily, present walk with Christ (v.6-7). 2) The exhortation to not conform to the "elemntal principles of the world" (v.8). 3) God forgiving "all our trespasses, erasing the record that stood against us" (vv.13-14). 

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